PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

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• Ahasan, R., Alam, M. S., Chakraborty, T., & Hossain, M. M. (2022). Applications of GIS and geospatial analyses in COVID-19 research: A systematic review. F1000Research, 9, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27544.2
  
  Almeshal, A. M., Almazrouee, A. I., Alenizi, M. R., & Alhajeri, S. N. (2020). Forecasting the spread of COVID-19 in Kuwait using compartmental and logistic regression models. Applied Sciences, 10(10), Article 3402. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10103402
  
  Avinash, N., Xavier, G. B. A., Alsinai, A., Ahmed, H., Sherine, V. R., & Chellamani, P. (2022). Dynamics of COVID-19 using SEIQR epidemic model. Journal of Mathematics, 2022(1), Article 2138165. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2138165
  
  Azhary, J. M. K., Leng, L. K., Razali, N., Sulaiman, S., Wahab, A. V. A., Adlan, A. S. A., & Hassan, J. (2022). The prevalence of menstrual disorders and premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls living in North Borneo, Malaysia: a questionnaire-based study. BMC Women’s Health, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01929-1
  
  Azzeri, A., Goh, H. C., Jaafar, H., Mohd Noor, M. I., Razi, N. A., Then, A. Y., Suhaimi, J., Kari, F., & Dahlui, M. (2020). A review of published literature regarding health issues of coastal communities in Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), Article 1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051533
  
  Badr, H. S., Du, H., Marshall, M., Dong, E., Squire, M. M., & Gardner, L. M. (2020). Association between mobility patterns and COVID-19 transmission in the USA: A mathematical modelling study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(11), 1247–1254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30553-3
  
  Balakrishnan, K. N., Yew, C. W., Chong, E. T. J., Daim, S., Mohamad, N. E., Rodrigues, K., & Lee, P. C. (2023). Timeline of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Sabah, Malaysia: Tracking the molecular evolution. Pathogens, 12(8), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12081047
  
  Chen, X., Huang, H., Ju, J., Sun, R., & Zhang, J. (2022). Impact of vaccination on the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. states. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05498-z
  
  Chenchula, S., Karunakaran, P., Sharma, S., & Chavan, M. (2022). Current evidence on efficacy of COVID-19 booster dose vaccination against the Omicron variant: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Virology, 94(7), 2969–2976. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27697
  
  Cheng, X., Han, Z., Abba, B., & Wang, H. (2020). Regional infectious risk prediction of COVID-19 based on geo-spatial data. PeerJ, 8, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10139
  
  Dollah, R., Jafar, A., Joko, E. P., Sakke, N., Mapa, M. T., Atang, C., Hung, C. V., & George, F. (2022). Perception of youth in East Malaysia (Sabah) towards the Malaysia national COVID-19 immunisation programme (PICK). Journal of Public Health and Development, 20(1), 203–217. https://doi.org/10.55131/jphd/2022/200116
  
  Dong, T., Dong, W., & Xu, Q. (2022). Agent simulation model of COVID-19 epidemic agent-based on GIS: A case study of Huangpu District, Shanghai. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), Article 10242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610242
  
  Farheen, F., Shamil, M. S., Rahman Jony, S. S., Ahmad, Z., Sojib, K. H., Chowdhury, A., Niaz Arifin, S. M., Sania, A., & Rahman, M. S. (2022). An agent-based model for COVID-19 in Bangladesh. MedRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.24.22277974
  
  Gill, B. S., Jayaraj, V. J., Singh, S., Ghazali, S. M., Cheong, Y. L., Iderus, N. H. M., Sundram, B. M., Aris, T., Ibrahim, H. M., Hong, B. H., & Labadin, J. (2020). Modelling the effectiveness of epidemic control measures in preventing the transmis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155509
  
  Goroh, M. M. D., Rajahram, G. S., Avoi, R., Van Den Boogaard, C. H., William, T., Ralph, A. P., & Lowbridge, C. (2020). Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Sabah, Malaysia, 2012–2018. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 9, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00739-7
  
  Goroh, M., Rajahram, G., Avoi, R., Cvd, B., William, T., Ralph, A. P., & Lowbridge, C. (2020). An Epidemiological Review of Tuberculosis in Sabah, Malaysia, 2012-2018. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-28071/v1
  
  Godio, A., Pace, F., & Vergnano, A. (2020). SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), Article 3535. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103535
  
  Gharakhanlou, N. M., & Hooshangi, N. (2020). Spatio-temporal simulation of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak using the agent-based modeling approach (case study: Urmia, Iran). Informatics in Medicine Unlocked, 20, Article 100403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2020.100403
  
  Harizah, K. (2021, August 27). Highest records to date at 24,599 cases, 393 deaths. The Malaysian Reserve. https://themalaysianreserve.com/2021/08/27/highest-records-to-date-at-24599-cases-393-deaths/
  
  Hashim, J. H., Adman, M. A., Hashim, Z., Radi, M. F. M., & Kwan, S. C. (2021). COVID-19 epidemic in Malaysia: Epidemic progression, challenges, and response. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.560592
  
  Hassan, A. M., Ramos, H., & Moaaz, O. (2023). Second-order dynamic equations with noncanonical operator: Oscillatory behavior. Fractal and Fractional, 7(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7020134
  
  He, S., Peng, Y., & Sun, K. (2020). SEIR modeling of the COVID-19 and its dynamics. Nonlinear Dynamics, 101(3), 1667–1680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-020-05743-y
  
  Hinch, R., Probert, W. J. M., Nurtay, A., Kendall, M., Wymant, C., Hall, M., Lythgoe, K., Bulas Cruz, A., Zhao, L., Stewart, A., Ferretti, L., Montero, D., Warren, J., Mather, N., Abueg, M., Wu, N., Legat, O., Bentley, K., Mead, T., … & Fraser, C. (2021). OpenABM-Covid19-An agent-based model for non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 including contact tracing. PLoS Computational Biology, 17(7), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009146
  
  Hunter, E., & Kelleher, J. D. (2022). Validating and testing an agent-based model for the spread of COVID-19 in Ireland. Algorithms, 15(08), Article 0270. https://doi.org/10.3390/a15080270
  
  Iderus, N. H., Singh, S., Singh, L., Ghazali, S. M., Ling, C. Y., Vei, T. C., Syahmi, A., Zamri, S., Jaafar, N. A., Ruslan, Q., Huda, N., Jaghfar, A., & Gill, B. S. (2022). Correlation between population density and COVID-19 cases during the third wave in Malaysia: Effect of the Delta Variant. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), Article 7439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127439
  
  Jafar, A., Dollah, R., Sakke, N., Mapa, M. T., Atang, C., Joko, E. P., Sarjono, F., Zakaria, N. S., George, F., & Hung, C. V. (2024). Public perception toward the Malaysian National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme (PICK) in the state of Sabah, Malaysia: A cross-sectional survey. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 18, Article e43. https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2024.31
  
  Jiee, S. F., Jantim, A., Mohamed, A. F., & Emiral, M. E. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemic: determinants of workplace preventive practice among primary healthcare workers in Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 62(3), Article E605. https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.3.2031
  
  Kim, Y., & Cho, N. (2022). A Simulation study on spread of disease and control measures in closed population using ABM. Computation, 10(01), Article 0002. https://doi.org/10.3390/computation10010002
  
  Kong, L., Duan, M., Shi, J., Hong, J., Chang, Z., & Zhang, Z. (2022). Compartmental structures used in modeling COVID-19: A scoping review. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-022-01001-y
  
  Kucharski, A. J., Klepac, P., Conlan, A. J. K., Kissler, S. M., Tang, M. L., Fry, H., Gog, J. R., Edmunds, W. J., Emery, J. C., Medley, G., Munday, J. D., Russell, T. W., Leclerc, Q. J., Diamond, C., Procter, S. R., Gimma, A., Sun, F. Y., Gibbs, H. P., Rosello, A., … & Simons, D. (2020). Effectiveness of isolation, testing, contact tracing, and physical distancing on reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in different settings: A mathematical modelling study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(10), 1151–1160. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30457-6
  
  López, L., & Rodó, X. (2021). A modified SEIR model to predict the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain and Italy: Simulating control scenarios and multi-scale epidemics. Results in Physics, 21, Article 103746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103746
  
  Motzev, M. (2019). Prediction accuracy - A measure of simulation reality. Vanguard Scientific Instruments in Management, 15(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.18743.75687
  
  Mwalili, S., Kimathi, M., Ojiambo, V., Gathungu, D., & Mbogo, R. (2020). SEIR model for COVID-19 dynamics incorporating the environment and social distancing. BMC Research Notes, 13(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05192-1
  
  Nagori, A., Awasthi, R., Joshi, V., Vyalla, S. R., Jarodia, A., Gupta, C., Gulati, A., Bandhey, H., Guliani, K. K., Gill, M. S., Kumaraguru, P., & Sethi, T. (2020). Less wrong COVID-19 projections with interactive assumptions. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.06.20124495
  
  Onyechege, D. C., Nor, N. M., & Omer, A. S. F. (2022). The indirect effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on economic growth in Malaysia: Evidence from the ARDL approach. International Journal of Economics and Management, 16(S1), 99-115. https://doi.org/10.47836/ijeamsi.16.1.007
  
  Pandey, G., Chaudhary, P., Gupta, R., & Pal, S. (2019). SEIR and Regression Model based COVID-19 outbreak predictions in India. arXiv Preprint.
  
  Patrick, E. M. (2022, January 05). Sabah kesan Omicron pertama [Sabah the first Omicron effect]. Astro Awani. https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/sabah-kesan-kes-omicron-pertama-340088
  
  Paul, S., Mahata, A., Ghosh, U., & Roy, B. (2020). Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19. Elsevier.
  
  Qiu, Z., Sun, Y., He, X., Wei, J., Zhou, R., Bai, J., & Du, S. (2022). Application of genetic algorithm combined with improved SEIR model in predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19, China. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12958-z
  
  Qureshi, S., Akanbi, M. A., Shaikh, A. A., Wusu, A. S., Ogunlaran, O. M., Mahmoud, W., & Osman, M. S. (2023). A new adaptive nonlinear numerical method for singular and stiff differential problems. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 74, 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2023.05.055
  
  Reeves, K. D., Polk, C. M., Cox, L. A., Fairman, R. T., Hawkins, G. A., Passaretti, C. L., & Sampson, M. M. (2022). Severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections occurring in healthcare workers after booster vaccination: A comparison of delta versus omicron variants. Antimicrobial Stewardship and Healthcare Epidemiology, 2(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1017/ash.2022.239
  
  Roslan, M. N. F., Ismail, W. I., Zamzuri, A. S., Ismail, N. F., & Abdul, N. A. N. (2022). Comorbidity status of deceased of Covid-19 patients in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(10), 2262-2268. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i10/15465
  
  Shah, A. U. M., Safri, S. N. A., Thevadas, R., Noordin, N. K., Rahman, A. A., Sekawi, Z., Ideris, A., & Sultan, M. T. H. (2020). COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia: Actions taken by the Malaysian government. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 97, 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.093
  
  Shamil, S., Farheen, F., Ibtehaz, N., Mahmud, I., & Sohel, K. M. (2021). An agent-based modeling of COVID-19: Validation, analysis, and recommendations. In Cognitive Computation (pp. 1723–1734). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-020-09801-w
  
  Silva, P. C. L., Batista, P. V. C., Lima, H. S., Alves, M. A., Guimarães, F. G., & Silva, R. C. P. (2020). COVID-ABS: An agent-based model of COVID-19 epidemic to simulate health and economic effects of social distancing interventions. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 139, Article 110088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110088
  
  Tan, C. S., Saim, L., Rao, Y., Kok, S. H., & Ming, L. C. (2021). Public and private sectors collective response to combat COVID-19 in Malaysia. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 14(1), Article 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00322-x
  
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  Yang, Z., Zeng, Z., Wang, K., Wong, S. S., Liang, W., Zanin, M., Liu, P., Cao, X., Gao, Z., Mai, Z., Liang, J., Liu, X., Li, S., Li, Y., Ye, F., Guan, W., Yang, Y., Li, F., Luo, S., … & He, J. (2020). Modified SEIR and AI prediction of the epidemics trend of COVID-19 in China under public health interventions. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 12(3), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2020.02.64
  
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  Zhao, W., Sun, Y., Li, Y., & Guan, W. (2022). Prediction of COVID-19 data using hybrid modeling approaches. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.923978