PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 

e-ISSN 2231-8526
ISSN 0128-7680

Home / Regular Issue / JST Vol. 31 (3) Apr. 2023 / JST-3642-2022

 

Railway Urbanozems: Interrelation of Physicochemical and Integral Environmental Indicators

Tatyana Anatolyevna Adamovich and Anna Sergeyevna Olkova

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, Volume 31, Issue 3, April 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.31.3.17

Keywords: Bioassay, catalase, Daphnia magna, Escherichia coli, heavy metals, railways, soil pollution, urbanozems

Published on: 7 April 2023

Urbanozems with typical pollution are formed along railways: heavy metals (HM), oil products, anthropogenic organic matter. Depending on the natural zone and intensity of the leaching regime, the accumulated pollution can have a different effect on the integral environmental indicators of soils – the toxicity and enzymatic activity. The aim of the work was to determine the influence of the railway on the physicochemical characteristics of adjacent urbanozems that are formed in the southern taiga zone and to find out the interrelation of these indicators with the toxicity and catalase activity of the soil. Samples of urbanozems were taken from the surface layer of 0-10 cm at the distance of 50 m west and east of the railway and at the distance of 100, 500, 1000 m of it (east). The pH, content of organic matter, humus, ammonium nitrogen, mobile forms of HM, mortality for Daphnia magna Straus, influence on bioluminescence of Escherichia coli Migula, and the catalase activity were determined in the samples. It was shown that the levels of toxicity and the activity of catalase are strongly related to the distance from the railway: Pearson’s coefficients (r) were -0.53 (D. magna), -0.69 (E. coli), 0.95 (catalase). However, the interrelation between the total pollution index (TPI) of metals and integral indicators is lower: r=0.50 for the pair “D. magna – TPI”, r=0.42 for “E. coli – TPI”, r=0.19 for “catalase – TPI”. Consequently, the reactions of living organisms and the activity of catalase were formed in response to a combination of pollutants, not to one group of compounds.

  • Abbasi, S., Jansson, A., Sellgren, U., & Olofsson, U. (2013). Particle emissions from rail traffic: A literature review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 43(23), 2511-2544. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2012.685348

  • Baikhamurova, M. O., Yuldashbek, D. H., Sainova, G. A., & Anarbekova, G. D. (2020). Change of catalase and urease activity at high content of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd) in serozem. European Journal of Natural History, 3, 70-73.

  • Balkenhol, N., & Waits, L. P. (2009). Molecular road ecology: Exploring the potential of genetics for investigating transportation impacts on wildlife. Molecular Ecology, 18(20), 4151-4164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04322.x

  • Banerjee, I., & Saha, A. (2022). Mobility centre-oriented urban regeneration: Examining place value of railway stations. Geojournal, 87, 567-581. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-022-10582-y

  • Baran, S., Ebielińska, J., & Oleszczuk, P. (2004). Enzymatic activity in an airfield soil polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Geoderma, 118(3-4), 221-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00205-2

  • Environmental Regulation. (2016). Guidelines for the Application of the Methodology for Performing pH Measurements in Waters by the Potentiometric Method. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200056733

  • Environmental Regulatory Document. (2010). Method for Determining the Toxicity of Water and Water Extracts from Soils, Sewage Sludge and Waste by Changing the Intensity of Bacterial Bioluminescence using the Ecolum Test-System. https://ohranatruda.ru/upload/iblock/99f/4293837368.pdf

  • Eremchenko, O. Z., Shestakov, I. E., & Moskvina, N. V. (2016). Soils and Technogenic Surface Formations of Urbanized Territories of the Perm Kama region. National Research University Russian Federation.

  • Federal Law of the Russian Federation. (1999). On the Sanitary and Epidemiological well-being of the Population (No. 52-FZ). https://duma.consultant.ru/documents/1062895?items=10

  • Federal Register. (2007). Biological Control Methods: Method for Determining the Toxicity of Water and Water Extracts from Soils, Sewage Sludge, Waste by Mortality and Changes in Fertility of Daphnia. https://meganorm.ru/Index2/1/4293842/4293842234.htm

  • Federal Register. (2012). Method for Measuring the Mass Concentrations of Elements in Samples of Natural, Drinking and Waste Waters by the Atomic Absorption Method. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/437193797

  • Hinojosa, M. B., Carreira J. A., García-Ruíz, R., & Dick R. P. (2004). Soil moisture pre-treatment effects on enzyme activities as indicators of heavy metal-contaminated and reclaimed soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36(10), 1559-1568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.07.003

  • Inisheva, L. I., Ivleva, S. N., & Shcherbakova, T. A. (2003). Guidelines for Determining the Enzymatic Activity of Peat Soils and Peat. Publishing House of Tomsk University.

  • Korelskaya, T. A., & Popova, L. F. (2012). Heavy metals in the soil and vegetation cover of the city of Arkhangelsk. Arktika i Sever, 7, 1-17.

  • Li, Z. (2012). Effects of Qinghai-Tibet railway and highway on plateau picas. In International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (pp. 224-227). IEEE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1109/iCBEB.2012.189

  • Masclaux-Daubresse, C., Françoise, D. V., Dechorgnat, J., & Chardon, F. (2010). Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: Challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of Botany, 105(7), 1141-1157. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcq028

  • Ministry of Health of the USSR. (1987). Methodological Instructions for Assessing the Degree of Danger of Soil Pollution by Chemicals. https://ohranatruda.ru/upload/iblock/172/4293852444.pdf

  • Mitrakova, N. V. (2018). Assessment of the Biological Activity and Toxicity of Soils and Technogenic Surface Formations in the Perm Kama region (Degree dissertation). National Research University, Russian Federation. https://www.dissercat.com/content/otsenka-biologicheskoi-aktivnosti-i-toksichnosti-pochv-i-tekhnogennykh-poverkhnostnykh-obraz

  • Olkova, A. S., & Ashikhmina, T. Y. (2021). Factors of obtaining representative results of bioassay of aquatic environments. Theoretical and Applied Ecology, 2, 22-30. https://doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2021-2-022-030

  • Olkova, A. S., & Tovstik, E. V. (2022). Comparison of natural abiotic factors and pollution influence on the soil enzymative activity. Ecological Engineering and Environmental Technology, 23(1), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/143003

  • Paschalidou, A. K., Petrou, I., Fytianos, G., & Kassomenos, P. (2022). Anatomy of the atmospheric emissions from the transport sector in Greece: Trends and challenges. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29, 34670-34684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18062-5

  • Radziemska, M., Gusiatin, Z. M., Kowal, P., Bęś, A., Majewski, G., & Jeznach-Steinhagen, A. (2021). Environmental impact assessment of risk elements from railway transport with the use of pollution indices, a biotest and bioindicators. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 27, 517-540. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2020.1736984

  • Saet, Y. E., Revich, B. A., Yanin, E. P., & Smirnova, R. S. (1990). Geochemistry of the Environment. Nedra Publishing House.

  • Stancic, Z., Fiket, A., & Vuger, A. (2022). Tin and antimony as soil pollutants along railway lines - A case study from North-Western Croatia. Environments, 9(1), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments9010010

  • State Standard. (1985). Soils: Determination of Exchangeable Ammonium by the TsINAO Method. Publishing House of Standards.

  • State Standard. (1992). Soils: Methods for Determination of Organic Matter Number by the Method of Tyurin in the Modification of TsINAO. Publishing House of Standards.

  • Szmaglinski, J., Nawrot, N., Pazdro, K., Walkusz-Miotk, J., & Wojciechowska, E. (2021). The fate and contamination of trace metals in soils exposed to a railroad used by Diesel Multiple Units: Assessment of the railroad contribution with multi-tool source tracking. Science of the Total Environment, 798, Article 149300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149300

  • Utobo, Е. В., & Tewari, I. L. (2015). Soil enzymes as bioindicators of soil ecosystem status. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 13(1), 147-169. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1301_147169

  • Wierzbicka, M., Bemowska-Kałabun, O., & Gworek, B. (2015). Multidimensional evaluation of soil pollution from railway tracks. Ecotoxicology, 24, 805-822 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-015-1426-8

  • Wrоtny, M., & Bohatkiewicz, J. (2021). Traffic noise and inhabitant health - A comparison of road and rail noise. Sustainability, 13, Article 7340. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137340

  • Wu, X. D., Zhao, L., Fang, H. B., Chen, J., Pang, Q. Q., Wang, Z. W., Chen, M. J., & Ding, Y.J. (2012). Soil enzyme activities in Permafrost Regions of the Western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(4), Article 1280. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2011.0400

  • Xiaoyi, M., Ai, Y., Li, R., & Zhang, W. (2018). Effects of heavy metal pollution on enzyme activities in railway cut slope soils. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190(4), Article 197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6567-9

  • Zhang, H., Wang, Z., Zhang, Y., & Hu, Z. (2012). The effects of the Qinghai-Tibet railway on heavy metals enrichment in soils. The Science of the Total Environment, 439, 240-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.027

  • Zvyagintseva A. V., Samofalova A. S., Sazonova S. A., & Kulneva V. V. (2020). Air pollution with oil products in the area of railway tank stops. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1679, Article 022076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1679/2/022076