PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

Plant extraction has served as an initial and crucial procedure in ensuring the maintenance of the quality and safety of natural products for centuries. Extensive literature exploring the ideal extraction methods optimising the extractability of phytochemicals from plants, specifically Garcinia, was well defined. Yet, a lack of studies comparing the effects of direct and sequential extraction methods on these plants was indeed noticeable. This study evaluated the possible effects of various extraction procedures on the Garcinia species. Three Garcinia plants were selected, subjected to solvents under varying degrees, and extracted through direct and sequential techniques. The current results revealed that the direct extraction technique yields the highest in polyphenol compositions, including their biochemical activities, with ethanolic extract displaying the highest performance among all solvent polarities. In terms of antimicrobial activity, the ethanolic crude extract positively suppressed the inhibition of the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis at specific concentrations. The findings suggested utilising a direct extraction technique to improve the extraction quality of Garcinia, signifying its relevance and efficiency in obtaining the phytochemicals with enhanced antioxidants and antimicrobial properties.